Unit
- 2
Heights of Harmony
² Imagine that your school has decided to
form an organization to extend assistance to the society. In its first meeting
you present your opinions about the functioning of the organisation. Suggest a
few dos and don’ts for the
benefit of the organization, and for the betterment of society.
In order to ensure the
effective functioning of the organization and contribute to the betterment of
society, it is important to adhere to certain dos and don'ts:
Dos:
1. Foster a culture of
compassion: Emphasize the value of empathy, understanding, and compassion
towards all individuals, regardless of their background or circumstances.
2. Collaborate and
engage: Encourage active participation and collaboration among members,
promoting open dialogue, brainstorming, and sharing of ideas and resources.
3. Identify and
prioritize community needs: Conduct thorough research to identify the pressing
issues within the community, and focus efforts on addressing those needs with
sustainable solutions.
4. Establish
partnerships: Build alliances with local organizations, NGOs, and government
bodies to leverage resources, expertise, and maximize the impact of the
organization's initiatives.
5. Encourage
volunteerism: Create opportunities for individuals to volunteer their time,
skills, and talents, enabling them to contribute meaningfully to society.
Don'ts:
1. Avoid a hierarchical
structure: Discourage an authoritarian approach within the organization,
ensuring that every member's opinion is respected and valued.
2. Steer clear of
tokenism: Avoid superficial acts of charity and instead strive for long-term,
sustainable solutions that empower individuals and communities.
3. Avoid discrimination:
Uphold principles of equality and inclusivity, ensuring that the organization's
services are accessible to all without any form of discrimination.
4. Refrain from
duplicating efforts: Prioritize collaboration and coordination with existing
initiatives rather than duplicating efforts, to avoid wastage of resources and
ensure a more comprehensive approach.
5. Avoid complacency:
Continuously evaluate the organization's impact, adapt strategies, and remain
committed to learning and improvement.
By following these dos
and don'ts, the organization can effectively contribute to the betterment of
society by addressing pressing needs, fostering compassion, and creating
sustainable change.
MENDING WALL
Robert Frost
Lesson analysis
In Robert Frost's poem
"Mending Wall," the speaker contemplates the purpose and significance
of a wall that separates him from his neighbor. The poem explores themes of
isolation, tradition, and the human tendency to create barriers.
The speaker begins by
suggesting that something in nature opposes the existence of a wall, as it
causes disruptions and gaps. He repairs these gaps, not out of necessity but to
maintain the relationship with his neighbor. The two meet each spring to
restore the wall, symbolizing their shared commitment to preserving the
boundary between them.
However, the speaker
questions the necessity of the wall, given that there are no livestock to
contain. He challenges the conventional wisdom that "good fences make good
neighbors," expressing his desire to understand the purpose of the wall
and its implications. The speaker hints at a more mystical reason for his
questioning, mentioning "elves," but ultimately leaves it to his
neighbor to ponder.
The neighbor remains
steadfast in his belief that walls are necessary, repeating the adage he
inherited from his father. He embodies tradition and conformity, unwilling to
deviate from established norms. The image of him holding stones like an
"old-stone savage armed" suggests a primitive attachment to the wall
and a resistance to change.
In this poem, Frost
presents a critique of walls as divisive barriers that hinder human connection
and understanding. He challenges the notion that walls inherently promote
harmony and questions the motivations behind their construction. The poem
invites readers to reflect on the value of boundaries and the potential consequences
of isolating ourselves from one another.
1.Why
does the poet say that there is something that doesn't love a wall?
The poet suggests that
there is something in nature that opposes the presence of a wall. This
opposition is conveyed through the line "Something there is that doesn't
love a wall." The poet is implying that a force or energy exists that
resists the division and separation that walls represent. Nature itself, with
its elements like frozen ground and the sun's impact, causes the wall to
crumble and create gaps.
2.How
do the poet and the neighbour mend the wall?
The poet and the neighbor
mend the wall by meeting each spring. They walk along the wall's line, each
attending to the fallen boulders on their respective sides. They work together
to place the stones back into position, ensuring that the wall remains intact.
This act of mending symbolizes their shared commitment to preserving the
boundary between their properties.
3.Why
does the poet argue that there is no need of a wall in between his estate and
that of his neighbour?
The poet argues that
there is no need for a wall between his estate and his neighbor's because there
are no practical reasons for it. The absence of livestock, such as cows,
removes the need for containment or separation. The poet's apple trees and the
neighbor's pine trees are described as incapable of crossing over and causing
any harm or conflict. The poet questions the purpose and relevance of the wall,
suggesting that it may be an unnecessary barrier.
4.How
does the neighbour justify the need for walls or fences?
The neighbor justifies
the need for walls or fences by repeating the phrase, "Good fences make
good neighbors." This line represents the neighbor's adherence to
tradition and the belief that physical boundaries are essential for maintaining
harmonious relationships. He holds fast to this inherited wisdom without
questioning its validity or considering alternative perspectives. The
neighbor's viewpoint emphasizes the importance of clear boundaries and a sense
of order in maintaining a positive neighborly relationship.
5.Why
does the poet consider the April season mischievious?
The poet considers the
April season mischievous because it represents a time of change and renewal. In
the poem, the speaker refers to the "spring mending-time" when the
gaps in the wall are discovered. Spring is associated with growth,
unpredictability, and the breaking of barriers. It is during this time that the
disruptions and gaps in the wall become evident, challenging the stability and
permanence that the wall represents. The mischievous nature of April suggests a
disruptive force that questions the need for the wall.
6 What
are the contrasting views presented in the poem?
The poem presents
contrasting views on the purpose and significance of walls. The poet questions
the necessity of the wall, while the neighbor staunchly defends its value. The
poet represents a more open-minded perspective, suggesting that the wall may be
unnecessary and even counterproductive. In contrast, the neighbor represents
tradition and conformity, adhering to the idea that boundaries and fences are
vital for maintaining order and harmony. The contrasting views invite readers
to consider different perspectives on the concept of boundaries and the impact
they have on human relationships.
7.Elaborate
the idea in the following line in a paragraph
"
Good fences make good Neighbours"
The line "Good
fences make good neighbours" conveys the neighbour's perspective on the
necessity of boundaries. It suggests that clear physical separations between
properties lead to better neighborly relations. The neighbour believes that
boundaries establish order, prevent conflicts, and maintain a sense of privacy
and individuality. By maintaining a distinct boundary, neighbors can coexist
peacefully without intruding on each other's lives. The line encapsulates the
neighbour's adherence to tradition and his conviction that clear divisions are
essential for maintaining positive relationships.
8.What
are the poetic devices used in the poem?
The poem "Mending
Wall" employs several poetic devices to enhance its meaning and impact.
Some of the poetic devices used in the poem include:
Metaphor: The poem uses
metaphors to convey meaning indirectly. For example, the phrase "Something
there is that doesn't love a wall" metaphorically represents a force or
energy opposing the presence of a wall. There are other instances of metaphor
in the poem like“And some are loaves ...”
“... and some are so nearly balls”
“He is all pine ... “... and I am apple orchard.” “Spring is the
mischief in me.”
Personification: The poet
personifies nature and elements like the frozen ground and the sun, attributing
them with intentions and actions. This personification helps to create vivid
imagery and emphasizes the conflict between nature and the wall. My apple trees
will never get across/ And eat the cones under his pines . . .” is another example
for personification in the poem.
Repetition: The repetition
of the line "Good fences make good neighbors" emphasizes the
neighbor's unwavering belief in the value of boundaries. This repetition also
adds a musical quality to the poem.
Irony: The poem
utilizes irony to highlight the paradoxical nature of the wall. Despite the
poet's questioning and the speaker's doubts about its necessity, the wall
continues to be repaired year after year. The title is an irony when compared
to the message of the poem because it ends up contrasting mending wall with the
idea that wall makes good neighbours.
Simile : There is a
striking instance of simile in line 40 of the poem: “In each hand, like an
old-stone savage armed.” The simile emphasizes the conservative attitude of the
poet’s neighbour.
Assonance : That sends the
frozen-ground-swell under it“, And spills the upper boulders in the sun”, “...
like an old-stone savage armed.”
Alliteration: Alliteration is the repetition of consonant
sounds. The opening line of the poem, “Something there is that doesn’t love a
wall”, is an example, and the line“We keep the wall between us as we go” is
also an example of alliteration.
Enjambment : It is the
continuation of sentences without breaking across the lines. The poem has many
enjambments.
Symbolism : “Wall” and
“fence” are symbols of barriers human beings construct consciously or
unconsciously to prevent mutual understanding between them. “hill” symbolises human prejudices and the
communication gap.Darkness stands for ignorance.
Paradox : Juxtaposing
the opposites is paradox. The two lines, ‘Something there is that doesn’t love
a wall’ and ‘Good fences make good neighbours’
are paradoxes.
Allusion : There is an instance of allusion where there is a
reference to ‘elves’, the tiny supernatural creatures drawn from folklore and
myth.
9.Pepare
a note of apprreciation of the poem
Mending Wall
"Mending Wall"
by Robert Frost is a thought-provoking poem that explores the complexities of
human relationships and the significance of boundaries. Through vivid imagery
and contrasting perspectives, Frost invites readers to reflect on the purpose
and impact of walls and fences. The poem raises essential questions about the
necessity of division and the potential consequences of isolating ourselves
from one another. The use of poetic devices like metaphor and personification
adds depth to the poem and enhances its overall impact. Frost's skillful
portrayal of the contrasting views between the poet and the neighbor encourages
readers to consider multiple perspectives on the nature of boundaries and the
value of human connection. "Mending Wall" serves as a compelling and
insightful piece of literature that challenges us to reconsider the boundaries
we create and the impact they have on our relationships and communities.
10 .
In the poem Mending Wall, the poet's view contradicts the neighbours' on
building walls? Do you think that walls are necessary to create a good
relationship among human beings. Wite a paragraph on the significance of
man-made made walls
In the poem "Mending
Wall," the poet's view indeed contradicts the neighbor's perspective on
building walls. While the neighbor firmly believes that "good fences make
good neighbors," the poet questions the necessity of walls and challenges
the idea that they are essential for fostering positive relationships. From a
broader perspective, man-made walls serve various purposes and can have both
positive and negative implications. On one hand, walls can provide a sense of
security, privacy, and personal boundaries, which can contribute to a
harmonious coexistence. They can establish order, delineate property lines, and
protect individuals from potential threats. On the other hand, walls can also
reinforce divisions, promote isolation, and hinder communication and understanding
among people. They can create a sense of "us versus them" mentality,
leading to conflicts and mistrust. Ultimately, the significance of man-made
walls lies in the context in which they are built and the intentions behind
their construction. While they may serve practical purposes in some situations,
it is crucial to consider their impact on human relationships and strive for
balance between boundaries and connectivity.
11 .
Read the following poem and prepare a critical appreciation comparing it with
Mending Wall
Dear Neighbour ( Jovonni Edwards )
How
are you today?
The
grass is green,
The
sun is shining,
We are
alive to see a new day.
We
live by one another,
On
this huge planet that is our home,
If we
cannot lean to greet another
And
treat one another with love,
Then
what good will be able to come?
I
understand dear neighbour,
We may
not know one another's name
Nor
see one another often,
It is
easy to feel as if we are strangers ,
But
that is not ture, I promise
So
please do not fear me, dear neighbour, I am
Just a
simple man,
Living
on this earth as happily, peacefully
And
joyfully, as I can
"Dear
Neighbour" by Jovonni Edwards is a heartfelt poem that emphasizes the
importance of human connection and understanding. In comparison to Robert
Frost's "Mending Wall," both poems explore the theme of
neighborliness, but in different ways. While Frost's poem focuses on the physical
barriers of a wall and the questioning of its necessity, Edwards' poem
highlights the emotional and interpersonal aspects of being neighbors.
"Dear
Neighbour" conveys a sense of optimism and unity. The poet acknowledges
the shared existence on this vast planet and emphasizes the need to treat one
another with love and respect. The poem emphasizes the power of simple gestures
like greetings and kindness, suggesting that genuine human connection can
transcend the limitations of not knowing each other's names or rarely seeing
one another. It portrays the neighbor as a symbol of potential friendship and
encourages a sense of belonging and community.
In contrast,
"Mending Wall" presents a more complex exploration of boundaries and
their impact on relationships. Frost questions the necessity of the wall and
challenges the traditional belief that "good fences make good
neighbors." The poem delves into themes of isolation, conformity, and the
conflict between nature and human structures. It raises profound questions
about the purpose and consequences of dividing ourselves from one another.
Both poems address the
idea of neighbors and the significance of relationships, albeit from different
angles. While "Mending Wall" examines the physical barriers that
separate individuals, "Dear Neighbour" emphasizes the emotional and
relational aspects of being neighbors. Together, these poems provide a nuanced
exploration of the complexities and possibilities inherent in human connections
and the ways in which we define our relationships with those around us.
12 .
Bring out the idea in the following lines from the po Mending Wall
"
Before a built a Wall, I'd ask to know what I was walling in or walling
out"
The lines "Before I
built a Wall, I'd ask to know what I was walling in or walling out" convey
the speaker's contemplation and skepticism towards constructing a wall. The
idea expressed is the importance of understanding the purpose and consequences
of erecting barriers, questioning whether they truly serve a meaningful purpose
or if they simply isolate and divide.
13 .
After reading Mending Wall and in the wake of newspaper reports about millions
of refugees who are denied entry into the developed nations you feel that there
should be one world for all without any walls or boundaries. Prepare a script
for presentation as the first speaker in a panel discussion on "One World
Without Walls"
Title: One World
Without Walls - Embracing Unity and Equality
Introduction:
Good
morning/afternoon/evening, esteemed panelists, distinguished guests, and fellow
participants. Today, we are gathered here to discuss a topic that resonates
deeply in our world's current context: "One World Without Walls." As
the first speaker, I would like to emphasize the significance of unity,
empathy, and the eradication of boundaries in creating a more inclusive and
compassionate society.
Opening:
Imagine a world where
walls and borders no longer exist, where humanity stands united as one. Today,
we are faced with the reality of millions of refugees seeking shelter and
denied entry into developed nations. This raises a fundamental question:
Shouldn't we aspire to a world where every human being is given equal
opportunities and the right to live in peace?
Body:
1. Shifting
Perspectives:
In our discussion, let us
first acknowledge the importance of shifting our perspectives. Instead of
perceiving people from different countries or cultures as threats, we should
view them as individuals with unique stories, talents, and contributions to
offer. By embracing diversity, we enrich our own lives and strengthen the
fabric of our shared humanity.
2. Addressing Fear
and Misconceptions:
The existence of walls
often stems from fear—fear of the unknown, fear of change, and fear of losing
one's identity. However, it is vital to confront and dispel these fears by
fostering understanding and empathy. Education, dialogue, and cultural exchange
programs can play a crucial role in breaking down these barriers and building
bridges of acceptance.
3. Economic and
Social Benefits:
Removing walls and
embracing a world without boundaries can also yield significant economic and
social benefits. Increased collaboration, trade, and exchange of ideas can lead
to innovation, economic growth, and shared prosperity. Furthermore, it allows
us to learn from one another, appreciate diverse cultures, and build a global
community grounded in respect and cooperation.
4. The Power of
Compassion:
At the heart of the
matter lies compassion. By promoting empathy and understanding, we can create a
world where everyone feels seen, heard, and valued. Through acts of kindness
and support, we can dismantle the walls of prejudice and discrimination that
divide us.
Conclusion:
In conclusion,
envisioning a world without walls is not a mere utopian dream but a necessary
step towards a more equitable and inclusive society. By embracing unity,
understanding, and compassion, we can transcend the limitations of borders and
create a world where every human being is afforded dignity, respect, and equal
opportunities. Let us work together to break down the barriers that separate us
and build bridges that connect us, for a world without walls is a world where
humanity thrives.
Thank you.
14 . The
Wall referred to by Robert Frost in the poem Mending Wall doesn't literally
imply the stone wall that divides properties. It can be the walls dividing
human minds. Substantiate this view on the basis of your analysis of the poem
In Robert Frost's poem
"Mending Wall," the wall mentioned is not merely a physical structure
but also represents the barriers that divide human minds and relationships.
While the poem superficially focuses on the repairing of a stone wall, a deeper
analysis reveals metaphorical implications that extend beyond the literal
meaning.
The poet's questioning
and skepticism regarding the need for the wall suggest a broader examination of
the purpose and consequences of boundaries. The gaps in the wall, symbolizing
the gaps in understanding and connection between individuals, are highlighted
as something that "doesn't love a wall." Frost implies that the wall
perpetuates isolation, separation, and a sense of "us versus them"
mentality.
Moreover, the contrasting
views between the poet and the neighbor reflect differing perspectives on the
importance of opening oneself to others. The neighbour staunchly asserts that
"good fences make good neighbors," implying a belief in the necessity
of walls and divisions. However, the poet challenges this notion, suggesting
that true neighborliness and understanding can only be achieved by breaking
down these mental walls.
Through the poem's
imagery and questioning, Frost encourages readers to reflect on the broader
implications of walls and boundaries. It prompts us to examine how these
divisions hinder our ability to truly connect, understand, and appreciate one
another. The metaphorical interpretation of the wall in "Mending
Wall" as a representation of mental barriers deepens our understanding of
the poem's themes, ultimately emphasizing the importance of breaking down these
walls to foster genuine human connections and unity.
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